作物模型、遥感和地理信息系统在国外农业气象服务中的应用进展及启示
The Application Advances of Crop Models, Remote Sensing and GIS technology in Foreign Agrometeorological Service
中文摘要：
作物模型、遥感和地理信息系统在国外农业气象服务工作中发挥着重要作用，发达国家主要将这三种现代科学技术应用在农作物生长发育条件评价、产量预报、气象灾害和气候变化对农业生产的影响评估及预估、农业生产管理等工作中。美国、法国、荷兰、澳大利亚和加拿大等国对于作物模型、遥感和GIS的应用较为成熟。通过总结这三种现代科技在美国、澳大利亚等国农业气象服务中的应用情况，提出目前我国农业气象服务在现代科技应用中与国外发达国家相比，存在科技研发体系化、规模化不足，基础理论研究不深入、应用不够广泛等差距，并提出了加强相关现代科技应用的建议。
中文关键词：
农业气象科技，作物模型，遥感，地理信息系统，进展
KeyWords：
agrometeorological service, crop model, remote sensing, GIS technology, development suggestions
Abstract：
Advanced science and technology, such as crop models, remote sensing and GIS, have played an important role in foreign agrometeorological service in recent decades. In developed countries, they are mainly applied in evaluation of crop growth condition and yield forecast, assessment and projection of impact of meteorological disasters and climate changes on agriculture and agriculture management, etc.Crop models, remote sensing and GIS applications are more mature in some countries such as the United States, France, the Netherlands, Australia and Canada. Firstly, progress of the three-techniques application in foreign agrometeorological service is reviewed in this paper. Then, Compared with the developed countries, the gaps of application of advanced science and technology inagrometeorological service in China are analyzed, including the insufficiency of research and development system and scale, lacking of thorough studies of basic theories, and needing to promote the application of these techniques.Finally, suggestions for enhancing these techniques, application in China are recommended.