一次东北冷涡天气过程雷电气象潜势条件诊断分析
Diagnosis and Analysis of Meteorological Potential Conditions of Lightning in the Northeast Cold Vortex, China
中文摘要：
利用全国常规天气实况观测资料、欧洲中心数值预报资料和NCEP再分析资料，采用统计和个例分析相结合的方法，对东北冷涡产生雷电的气象潜势条件进行了分析。结果表明：东北冷涡具有明显的对流不稳定能量，易带来雷电天气，冷涡的成熟和减弱阶段易产生雷电，雷电多发生在午后到凌晨，雷电位于冷涡的东部或东南部区域，与分散性对流云系相邻，上冷下暖温度层结下的低空垂直速度、相对湿度、K指数等物理量的大值重合区对应雷电发生区。
中文关键词：
东北冷涡，雷电，气象潜势条件，诊断分析
KeyWords：
Northeast cold vortex, lightning, meteorological potential conditions, diagnostic analysis
Abstract：
The northeast cold vortex in China is a typical weather system in which lightning often occurs. In this paper, the meteorological potential conditions of lightning in the northeast cold vortex are analyzed by statistical analyses and a case study. The results show that the weather conditions include a strong air flow, sufficient water vapor and strong energy. The strong potential vortexes corresponding to the cold vortexes in the middle and upper layers provide potential conditions for the occurrence of strong convection. The mature energy of convective instability of the cold vortex is located in the southeast near the center of the cold vortex. The large value coincidence area of the jet stream, the air vertical velocity in low layer, the higher temperature in upper while low temperature in lower layer, the specific humidity and other physical quantities are corresponding to the lightning occurrence.