快速更新同化预报的关键技术综述
An Overview of the Key Techniques in Rapid Refresh Assimilation and Forecast
中文摘要：
快速更新同化预报技术（简称RUC或RR）是近来针对短时临近预报应用发展的数值预报技术。回顾了国内外的发展历程及现状，介绍了关键的相关技术，主要包括：（１）绝热与非绝热数字初始化；（２）冷、暖和热启动技术与循环同化；（３）云分析技术；（４）近地面资料同化等，并阐述了快速更新同化预报技术未来的发展。
中文关键词：
快速更新同化预报，短时临近预报，数值天气预报，资料同化
KeyWords：
rapid refresh assimilation and forecast, nowcasting, numerical weather prediction, data assimilation
Abstract：
High-frequency assimilation and forecast (Rapid Update Cycle, RUC or Rapid Refresh, RR) have been developed for numerical weather prediction of short-range forecasting in recent years. In this paper, the history and status of RUC (or RR) are reviewed. Several relevant key issues are addressed, including: 1) adiabatic digital filter initialization (DFI) and diabatic digital filter initialization (DDFI); 2) cold start、warm start and hot start initialization techniques; 3) cloud analysis technique; 4) issues for assimilating near-surface observations. Finally, the challenges, opportunities and future directions for rapid refresh systems are discussed.