地表土壤水分的卫星遥感反演方法研究进展
Progress of the Methods of Remote Sensing Monitoring the Soil Moisture
中文摘要：
土壤水分是影响农业生产的重要因子之一，掌握农田地表土壤水分对农业生产实践有着重要的意义和作用。目前监测土壤水分的方法有传统的点尺度物理监测、基于物理模型和数学计算方法的模拟技术以及遥感监测方法。而随着遥感技术的发展，逐渐克服了前两种方法由于采样点限制以及所需参数复杂等制约因素。从不同的遥感波段和遥感方法划分，介绍了可见光-近红外遥感、热红外遥感、微波遥感的发展现状及不同波段所对应的研究方法，并对各种方法的优势和局限性进行了总结，加强改进模型方法研究，增强主被动微波结合反演方法的利用对于减少植被对土壤水分的影响有很大的益处，这也是今后遥感技术反演农田地表土壤水分的趋势。
中文关键词：
热红外，遥感反演，合成孔径雷达，被动微波，干旱指数
KeyWords：
thermal infrared, remote sensing monitoring, synthetic aperture radar, passive microwave, drought index
Abstract：
Soil moisture is one of the crucial elements affecting agricultural production. To monitor the surface soil moisture of the cropland is of great signifcance for agricultural production. Currently, the methods applied to monitor the soil moisture include the traditional physical measurement based on the sites, the simulation techniques by physical models and mathematical methods, and the remote sensing technology. The defciencies induced by the frst two methods mainly are the limited samples and the complicated parameters. Now these have been overcome with the development of remote sensing. On the basis of the di?erences among spectral bands and methods for remote sensing, this paper introduces the progress of remote sensing techniques about visible-near infrared, thermal infrared, microwave and their corresponding methodology, summarizes the advantages, disadvantages and applicability for diferent methods and also give the outlook about the retrieval of surface soil moisture of cropland by the remote sensing technology. Strengthen the study of improved model method and enhance the use of active and passive microwave data to reduce the in?uence of vegetation on soil moisture. It is also the trend of remote sensing monitoring the soil moisture over agricultural area in the future.