辽宁省追踪式与最佳倾角斜面总辐射的推算与分析
Analysis and Comparison of the Tracking and Fixed Angle Bevel Solar Radiation in Liaoning
中文摘要：
利用辽宁省1993—2016年61个气象站的日照百分率逐月数据、6个太阳辐射观测气象站的逐时太阳总辐射数据，采用太阳辐射的气候学计算方法、Klein各向异性散射模型和Hay各向异性散射模型分别推算各站水平面、最佳倾角斜面和追踪式斜面的太阳总辐射的推算值并进行了对比与分析。同时利用1993—2016年日平均总云量数据，得到各站的累年平均晴天日数，并分析辽宁省太阳总辐射空间分布差异的原因。结果表明：全省最佳倾角角度为36°～41°，最小出现在金州，最大分别出现在康平、昌图、法库和西丰；最佳倾角斜面太阳总辐射在辽宁西部和北部地区明显偏多，其中，朝阳北部和阜新西部部分地区最多；追踪式斜面较最佳倾角斜面太阳总辐射的增加量和提升百分比的幅度均较大，分别达到约700～2300 MJ/m2和13%～41%，且存在较明显的呈区域性分布特征，其中，太阳总辐射的增加量在辽宁西部更明显，而太阳总辐射的提升百分比则以沿海地区的幅度更大，超过37%，大连南部更是超过39%；晴天日数或云量是影响辽宁省太阳能总辐射的空间分布差异的主要因素。
中文关键词：
追踪式斜面，最佳倾角斜面，总辐射
KeyWords：
the tracking optimal bevel, the optimal bevel, solar radiation
Abstract：
In this paper, monthly percentage of sunshine from 61 meteorological stations (1993-2016) and hourly global solar radiation from six solar radiation observation stations were used to calculate and compare the level, optimal bevel and bevel tracking of global solar radiation for each station. This was completed using solar radiation climatological calculations Klein anisotropic scattering model and Hay anisotropic scattering model. The annual average number of clear days were derived from the daily average total cloud cover from 1993-2016 to determine if they could explain spatial variation in total solar radiation between the stations in Liaoning. We found that the optimal tilt angle lay in the range of 36°~41°, with the minimum angle in Jinzhou and maximum angle in Kangping, Changtu, Faku and Xifeng, and the optimal bevel solar radiation in west, central and north Liaoning were greater than that of the other areas, with the greatest solar radiation in north Chaoyang and west Fuxin. The results also showed the annual tracking bevel global solar radiation in the central, west and north Liaoning were greater, and the increase of tracking optimal bevel solar radiation could reach 700-2300 MJ/m2 (13.0%-41.0%), and showed signifcant regional distribution. Lastly, we showed the increase of the total solar radiation was greater in west Liaoning, but the largest increase of percentage is in the coastal regions (>37%, and even >39% in south Dalian). Thus, the number of clear days or days with cloud cover could be the main reason for the spatial variation of total solar radiation in Liaoning.