光伏电站建设运行对气候环境的能量影响
Review on Energy Impact of Photovoltaic Power Station Construction and Operation on Climate and Environment
中文摘要：
大规模太阳能资源开发对于缓解能源和环境危机、应对全球气候变化具有重要的意义。目前全球光伏发电进入大规模、高速发展阶段，对国内外大规模光伏电站气候环境影响相关工作进行总结，并主要讨论了光伏电站相关能量回收与碳排放的现状与发展趋势、光伏电站近地辐射效应及热效应、局部气候效应及整体气候效应研究的相关问题。结论表明：光伏电站对碳排放与地表能量收支平衡有一定的影响，对相关地区地表辐射水平、温度状况具有调节作用，对荒漠地区的生态环境具有潜在的正面促进作用。当前国内相关研究不具备系统性，相关工作仍然需要进一步深入探索。
中文关键词：
光伏电站，气候影响，碳排放，生态环境
KeyWords：
photovoltaic power plant, climate impact, carbon emissions, ecological environment
Abstract：
Photovoltaic power plants are effective in reducing carbon emissions and alleviating global warming. Global photovoltaic power plants have been entering into a large-scale and high-speed period. So the climate-related and environmental impacts caused by photovoltaic power plants should be given more attentions. This paper summarizes the related work on climate and environmental impacts of photovoltaic power plants in China and abroad. Specifcally, we discuss the current situation and development trend of energy recovery and carbon emissions related to large-scale photovoltaic power plants, near-earth radiation effects and thermal effects of large-scale photovoltaic power plants, local climate effects, and overall climate e?ects. The results show that photovoltaic power plants have certain effects on carbon emissions and balance of surface energy budget. They can be used to regulate the surface radiation level and temperature in relevant areas. Potentially, they have positive effects on the ecological environment in desert areas. Currently, relevant researches in China are not systematic, and relevant work still needs further exploration.