武当山北坡气温的垂直变化特征
Vertical Variation in Air Temperature on the North Slope of Wudang Mountain
中文摘要：
为探讨武当山风景区北坡气温随海拔高度的分布特征，利用景区5个不同海拔高度无人自动气象站气温资料，对2012—2020年气温特征进行对比分析，结果显示：随海拔增加，武当山景区年平均气温、年平均最高气温和年平均最低气温均表现为下降趋势，年平均气温直减率为0.61 ℃/100 m，直减率夏季最大，冬季最小；气温日较差也表现为随海拔增加而下降趋势，直减率为0.43 ℃/100 m，直减率夏季最大；气温直减率日变化呈正弦振荡，峰值在06：00—09：00，谷值在15：00—19：00；积温同样是随海拔升高而降低，低山地区表现突出。
中文关键词：
气温，垂直变化，武当山
KeyWords：
temperature, vertical change, Wudang Mountain
Abstract：
In order to study the distribution characteristics of temperature along with the rise of altitude on the north slope of Wudang Mountain Scenic Area, the temperature characteristics in the period from 2012 to 2020 were analyzed by using the temperature data from automatic weather stations at five different altitudes. The results exhibit decreasing trends in terms of annual average temperature, annual average maximum temperature and annual average minimal temperature along with the rise of altitude. The lapse rate of annual average temperature is 0.61 ℃/100 m, with low values in winter and high values in summer. The diurnal temperature change also displays the decreasing trend as the altitude increases, with the lapse rate of 0.43 ℃/100 m and the highest rate in summer. The daily variation of temperature lapse rate is characterized as sine oscillation, with the peak value from 06:00 to 09:00 and the valley value from 15:00 to 19:00. The accumulated temperature also decreases with the increase of elevation, the pronounced descent occurring in low mountain areas.