黄河上游地区径流量的转折性变化及其成因
The Transitional Change of Runoff in the Upper Reaches of Yellow River and Its Causal Analysis
中文摘要：
利用1961—2021年唐乃亥水文站61年的径流量资料和流域气温、降水量、蒸发量等气象观测资料以及高原季风、西风环流等气候指数，分析黄河上游径流量的基本特征，揭示影响径流量变化的气候成因。研究表明：1991年前后，黄河上游径流量出现由降到升的突变，自2001年以来显著增长；径流量具有8a的显著性变化周期，气候暖湿化是引起1991年以来黄河上游地区径流量显著增大的主要原因，大气环流及其影响的转变，是黄河上游地区造成径流量发生变化的重要原因，1991年以来在干燥的西风环流减弱和暖湿的高原季风增强的共同作用下，黄河上游地区径流量增加。
中文关键词：
径流量，气候变化，大气环流，黄河上游
KeyWords：
runoff, climate change, atmospheric circulation, upper reaches of the Yellow River
Abstract：
Using runoff data of Tangnaihai hydrometric station, meteorological observational data including temperature, precipitation and evaporation and climate indexes such as plateau monsoon and westerly circulation from 1961 to 2021, the characteristics of runoff in the upper reaches of the Yellow River were analyzed to uncover the climatic causes that affect the runoff change. The results show that the runoff in the upper reaches of the Yellow river had a sudden change from descending to rising around 1991, and it has increased significantly since 2001. The runoff has a significant change period of 8 years. Climate warming and wetting is the main reason of the abrupt runoff increase and the transformation of atmospheric circulation and its influence is an important reason for the significant increase of runoff in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. Runoff has increased in the upper reaches of the Yellow River since 1991 under the joint action of the weakening of dry westerly circulation and the enhancement of warm and humid plateau monsoon.