航空气象服务的公共产品经济学分析
Economic Analysis of Aviation Meteorological Services as Public Goods
中文摘要：
天气因素对航空运行高度敏感。世界上多个国家和地区的航空气象服务是一种典型的由政府无偿提供的社会公益性公共产品，随着社会的不断发展，许多市场经济发达国家和地区已经尝试推广气象服务商业化并取得了显著的效果。本文对航空气象服务的经济学特征进行分析，表明航空气象基础产品和服务具有公共物品的非竞争性和非排他性经济属性，并从经济学公共产品供需理论出发分析了航空气象服务具有公共产品及俱乐部产品特征以及商业市场运行机制，提出了航空气象服务发展商业化的可能性及一些建议。
中文关键词：
航空气象服务，气象服务经济，公共产品，私人产品，俱乐部产品
KeyWords：
aviation weather services, economics of meteorological services, public goods, private goods, club goodsaviation weather services, economics of meteorological services, public goods, private goods, club goods
Abstract：
Aviation operations are highly sensitive to weather conditions. The pooling and exchange of meteorological information, data and other resources by member countries of the Meteorological office represents a classic case of international cooperation, that has ensured relatively safe and comfortable air flights across the world since the era of international air travel in the 20th Century, and it speeding up the process of the more historically-recent globalisation. This paper analyzes the economic characteristic of aviation weather services based on the recognition that most national aeronautical meteorological infrastructure and services possess the non-rival and non-exclusive properties of public goods. Aviation weather services is a typical public good provided by government free of charge. Starting from the theory of public goods demand and supply the paper puts forward some suggested policies in our country .